Personal Care Assistants (PCA) Practice Test 2025 - Free PCA Practice Questions and Study Guide

When a patient reports black tarry stools, known medically as melena, it is often indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. This condition occurs when blood from the upper gastrointestinal tract, such as the esophagus, stomach, or the first part of the small intestine, is digested and then passes through the intestines. As the blood is digested, it takes on a black, tarry appearance by the time it is excreted.

In contrast, while the consumption of beets can change the color of stool, it typically causes a reddish or pinkish hue rather than black. Constipation may lead to hard stools, but it would not generally result in a black tarry appearance. An allergic reaction would not present with changes in stool color, especially not something as specific as melena. Thus, the presence of black tarry stools is most closely associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, prompting the nurse to consider this serious condition and potentially initiate further assessment and intervention.